Waves and fields

Waves and fields play a dominant role in the prevailing paradigm to explain particle interference behavior.

  1. Electromagnetic radiation

To comprehend the currently accepted principles of electromagnetic radiation, we can once again refer to Wikipedia as a source of information.

Wikipedia:

In physicselectromagnetic radiation (EM radiation or EMR) refers to the waves (or their quanta, photons) of the electromagnetic field, propagating (radiating) through space-time, carrying electromagnetic radiant energy. It includes radio wavesmicrowavesinfrared(visible) lightultravioletX-rays, and gamma rays.

Electromagnetic waves are produced whenever charged particles are accelerated, and these waves can subsequently interact with any charged particles. EM waves carry energymomentum and angular momentum away from their source particle and can impart those quantities to matter with which they interact. Quanta of EM waves are called photons, which are massless, but they are still affected by gravity. Electromagnetic radiation is associated with those EM waves that are free to propagate themselves (“radiate”) without the continuing influence of the moving charges that produced them, because they have achieved sufficient distance from those charges. Thus, EMR is sometimes referred to as the far field. In this jargon, the near field refers to EM fields near the charges and current that directly produced them, as (for example) with simple magnets, electromagnetic induction and static electricity phenomena.

 

 wavesfields

The electromagnetic waves that compose electromagnetic radiation can be imagined as a self-propagating transverse oscillating wave of electric and magnetic fields. This diagram shows a plane linearly polarized EMR wave propagating from left to right. The electric field is in a vertical plane and the magnetic field in a horizontal plane. The electric and magnetic fields in EMR waves are always in phase and at 90 degrees to each other.

“Electromagnetic waves are well known as produced whenever charged particles are accelerated, and these waves can subsequently interfere with other electrically charged particles.” That statement needs clarification because waves do not interfere with charged particles, but the wavelike electromagnetic manifestations of charged particles can. However, it is also a time-dependent description of a phenomenon. We can generate movements of these charged particles and calculate their interactions with other charged particles. This is widely used in the technical design of electric appliances for large objects containing charged particles.

Electromagnetic waves in free space follow Maxwell’s electromagnetic wave equations. 

The assumption is that a photon’s electromagnetic manifestation can form waves. These waves indicate the fluctuation in the electromagnetic interference potential of a photon along the axis of propagation. This wave-like interference potential represents both the electric and the magnetic manifestation. The photon itself exists at a single point and remains a point particle. Therefore, this propagation pattern is, in fact, a nonrelativistic historical representation of the potential for electromagnetic interference. The electromagnetic manifestations of a photon are assumed to be synchronous in frequency and phase, and a photon does not exhibit mass behavior as observed with fermions.

Each photon, though, has a quant of energy hf, a package of energy, whatever that is. This quant is not part of the wave model.

Once a photon is emitted from a source, it travels without any further influence from its source. It is generally assumed that a photon can be absorbed and then re-emitted by an electron orbiting an atomic nucleus, with a transfer of some of the photon’s energy.

The nature of electromagnetic waves has been the subject of intense scientific debate, all to understand and model this particlewave duality. 

It is clear that there are still many mysteries concealed within this particle-wave duality.

In The Dutch Paradigm, the explanation and modeling of the particle-wave duality are at the core of this new paradigm. The perceived particle-wave duality is a logical consequence of the second period of the Big Bang.

As accepted by mainstream science and The Dutch Paradigm, the photon has electromagnetic properties and is generally not affected by electric and magnetic fields, whether they are near-  or far-fields. As will be explained within the new paradigm, the quant of free energy of a photon can interfere with a neutrino to form the electron. That is in violation of the Standard Model, which declares an electron as a fundamental point particle. 

As human beings, we have developed technical solutions to produce near-electromagnetic fields by applying forces to electrically charged particles like electrons and protons. The near-fields enable us to produce electricity, and the far-fields enable us to produce a stream of photons in random waveforms between an emitter and a receiver. 

The propagation of photons through space in a vacuum is at a constant velocity, called the speed of light. This speed is a natural constant with a numerical value in SI units of:

                                         C = 299 792 458 metres per second

This speed in a vacuum is an absolute constant because even the slightest deviation from it would blur the pictures of stars and galaxies in the sky.

 

  1. Electromagnetic fields

The description for electromagnetic field is in Wikipedia:

Wikipedia:

An electromagnetic field (also EMF or EM field) is a physical field produced by electrically charged objects. It affects the behaviour of charged objects in the vicinity of the field. The electromagnetic field extends indefinitely throughout space and describes the electromagnetic interaction. It is one of the four fundamental forces of nature (the others are gravitationweak interaction and strong interaction).

The field can be viewed as the combination of an electric field and a magnetic field. The electric field is produced by stationary charges, and the magnetic field by moving charges (currents); these two are often described as the sources of the field. The way in which charges and currents interact with the electromagnetic field is described by Maxwell’s equations and the Lorentz force law.

From a classical perspective in the history of electromagnetism, the electromagnetic field can be regarded as a smooth, continuous field, propagated in a wavelike manner; whereas from the perspective of quantum field theory, the field is seen as quantized, being composed of individual particles.

The field model represents the electromagnetic interactions between objects. Due to the enormous number of participating particles, the interference potentials combine to create an almost physical presence.